Business Requirement
A testable statement describing the capability or outcome the organization needs, without prematurely prescribing a particular product.
- Scope: Defines the problem boundary and intended users
- Evidence: Connects the need to a measurable result
- Discipline: Separates required capability from preferred features
Process Design
The sequence of decisions, activities, and handoffs that turns inputs into an operational result.
- Flow: Shows who acts and in what order
- Exceptions: Identifies alternate paths when normal work fails
- Control: Places approvals where risk actually requires them
Data Model
A shared structure for the entities, fields, relationships, and definitions used by the solution.
- Consistency: Gives teams the same meaning for key records
- Integration: Makes mappings between systems explicit
- Reporting: Determines which questions the data can answer
Integration
A controlled exchange of data or commands between applications, devices, or external services.
- Method: May use APIs, files, events, or connectors
- Timing: Can be real-time, scheduled, or manually initiated
- Risk: Failed mappings can silently distort downstream work
Governance
The ownership, decision rights, controls, and review routines that keep a solution aligned with business needs.
- Ownership: Names accountable business and technical leaders
- Change: Controls priorities, access, and configuration
- Review: Uses evidence to correct drift over time
Outcome Measure
A metric tied to the problem the solution was intended to improve, such as cycle time, error rate, conversion, or cost per case.
- Baseline: Records performance before the change
- Attribution: Distinguishes solution effects from outside conditions
- Balance: Pairs speed or cost with quality and risk